Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is a circulatory condition caused by the narrowing or blockage of blood vessels outside the heart. If left untreated, PAD can lead to severe complications. However, PAD is preventable, manageable, and treatable with lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, and quitting smoking. In addition to these, various natural remedies can help improve blood circulation, relieve symptoms, and manage the disease effectively. Below are some of the most effective natural treatments for PAD.
1. Ginkgo Biloba
Ginkgo biloba is a powerful herb that has been used for thousands of years to treat various health conditions, including PAD. It enhances blood circulation, particularly in the lower limbs, and has been shown to be more effective than a placebo in treating intermittent claudication, a common PAD symptom. Ginkgo biloba helps to alleviate leg pain caused by exercise and rest, making it a popular choice for PAD patients. However, individuals on blood-thinning medications like warfarin or aspirin should avoid this herb, as it may increase the risk of bleeding. If you’re planning surgery, discontinue ginkgo use at least two weeks before the procedure.
Dosage: 80 mg to 320 mg daily, or ginkgo tea.
2. Hesperidin
Hesperidin is a flavonoid found in unripe citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, and grapefruits. It strengthens blood vessels, including capillaries, and helps alleviate PAD symptoms like leg pain, heaviness, cramps, and numbness. Hesperidin can be found in supplement form, but it may interact with medications like diabetes treatments, blood thinners, and antihypertensive drugs. Always consult your doctor before using this supplement, particularly if you’re on medication.
3. Quit Smoking
Smoking is one of the most harmful habits for individuals with PAD. It accelerates arterial hardening, worsening claudication symptoms and preventing the formation of collateral blood vessels that help bypass blockages. Additionally, smoking reduces oxygen levels in the body, which aggravates PAD. Quitting smoking is essential for managing PAD effectively and improving overall health.
4. Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Found abundantly in oily fish such as salmon and mackerel, omega-3 fatty acids are known for their anti-inflammatory properties. They also help soften red blood cells, making it easier for them to pass through narrow arteries. This aids in improving blood flow, which is vital for PAD patients. Increasing omega-3 intake can help relieve PAD symptoms and promote cardiovascular health.
5. Horse Chestnut Seed Extract
This herb has been used in Europe for centuries to treat various circulatory problems, including PAD. It has been shown to improve blood circulation, reduce leg swelling, and alleviate symptoms like fatigue, itching, and heaviness. However, individuals with diabetes should use horse chestnut extract with caution, as it may interfere with blood sugar control.
6. Hawthorn Berry
Hawthorn berries are another excellent natural remedy for PAD. These berries improve blood circulation, particularly in the legs, and help reduce symptoms like cramps, heaviness, and tingling. They also strengthen the heart and lower blood pressure by dilating the arteries, which aids in better circulation. In addition to its cardiovascular benefits, hawthorn can reduce anxiety, which often accompanies PAD.
7. Vitamin D
Research shows that low levels of Vitamin D are associated with an increased risk of developing PAD. A study involving nearly 5,000 adults found that individuals with PAD had significantly lower levels of vitamin D compared to those without the condition. Ensuring adequate vitamin D intake through sunlight, diet, or supplements can help maintain healthy blood vessels and reduce PAD risk.
8. Chickweed
Chickweed is a powerful herb used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments, including PAD. It helps remove toxins and fat from the body, including cholesterol that can block arteries. It can be taken as an herbal tea or applied topically as a compress to relieve pain in the legs.
9. L-Carnitine
L-carnitine, an amino acid, has been found to improve blood flow and ease symptoms of PAD, including intermittent claudication. Studies suggest that it can increase walking distance by as much as 46% in PAD patients. L-carnitine supplements should be taken according to a healthcare professional’s instructions.
10. Green Tea
Green tea is packed with antioxidants that promote healthy arteries and reduce cholesterol levels. It can also help keep the blood lining healthy, improving blood flow. Drinking green tea regularly (three times daily) is an easy way to support cardiovascular health and reduce PAD symptoms.
11. Exercise
Although exercise can cause leg pain in PAD patients, it’s one of the most effective treatments for the condition. Mild physical activities like walking can help improve blood flow through collateral blood vessels. Start by walking slowly until calf cramps make it hard to continue, rest until the pain subsides, and repeat this process for at least 30 minutes, three times a week. Over time, you’ll be able to walk for longer periods without pain.
12. Cayenne Pepper
Cayenne pepper is known for its ability to enhance blood circulation and purify the blood. It can help relieve leg pain and improve vascular health. To benefit from cayenne pepper, add it to your meals or mix half a teaspoon of ground cayenne with warm water and drink it three times daily.
13. Inositol Nicotinate
Inositol nicotinate is a form of vitamin B3 (niacin) that is used in the UK to treat intermittent claudication. It has fewer flushing effects than other forms of niacin and can help improve circulation in PAD patients.
14. B Vitamins
B vitamins, particularly B6, B12, and folate, are essential for converting homocysteine to methionine or cysteine. High levels of homocysteine are linked to an increased risk of PAD, as they can contribute to arterial damage and poor circulation. Ensure that you consume foods rich in B vitamins, such as leafy greens, eggs, and legumes.
15. Policosanol
Policosanol, derived from sugarcane wax, is a natural cholesterol-lowering compound. It is as effective as ticlopidine, a prescription drug used to treat intermittent claudication, and even more effective than certain cholesterol-lowering statins. Policosanol can help reduce PAD symptoms and improve blood circulation.
16. Fish Oil
Fish oil supplements, rich in omega-3 fatty acids, are excellent for reducing inflammation and improving cardiovascular health. Regular intake of fish oil can help prevent the progression of PAD and reduce associated symptoms. A daily dose of 2-5 mg is recommended.
17. Grape Seed Extract
Grape seed extract is another powerful remedy for PAD. It contains antioxidants like Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins (OPC), which can improve blood flow, reduce swelling, and alleviate symptoms such as cramps and numbness in the legs. However, it should be used with caution if you are on blood-thinning medications.
18. Garlic
Garlic is well-known for its ability to lower cholesterol and improve blood pressure. It is an excellent natural remedy for preventing PAD and managing its symptoms. Eating one clove of raw garlic daily can significantly benefit PAD patients by promoting healthy blood circulation.
19. Guggul
Guggul is an Ayurvedic remedy that has been used for centuries to treat circulation problems and reduce cholesterol. It can be an effective option for people suffering from PAD, as it improves blood flow and reduces artery blockage.
When to See a Doctor
While natural remedies can significantly improve PAD symptoms, it’s essential to seek medical advice if you experience constant leg pain, numbness, or other symptoms. PAD may not always present with obvious symptoms, so it’s important to get screened if you:
- Are over 65 years old
- Are over 50 years old and smoke or have diabetes
- Are under 50 years old with diabetes
- Are under 50 years old with risk factors such as high blood pressure or obesity
